Microsoft Excel or Google Sheets. These are usually the first tool used in any data analysis. With these widely available tools, you can:
Use basic formulas and functions.
Reference and connect with other spreadsheets.
Create Macros to automate repetitive tasks.
Produce a PivotTable which is a tool that allows reorganization and summarization of certain data using crosstabulations without changing the underlying spreadsheet and data.
A query is a request for data or information from a database table or combination of tables.
Scripting involves writing programs to perform analytics to do repetitive tasks.
Visualizations are used communicate data to decision makers using Tableau, Power BI, or other tools for communication.